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Do zombies only have brain stem function12/29/2023 ![]() While this early study used relatively small sample sizes, it provided the types of validation studies needed to counter the common assumption that the brain is sterile. In contrast, parallel transplantation of heat-treated brain tissue into immuno-compromised mice resulted in no or minimal detection of the targeted 16S RNA sequence, suggesting that the 16S RNA sequences detected in the human brain samples were derived from viable bacteria. Importantly, these researchers also demonstrated that bacterial sequences detected in a human brain sample by 16S RNA amplification were present in the brains of immuno-compromised mice (Rag −/−) 7 weeks after transplantation of the human brain tissue into the mice. These observations were validated by both 16S rRNA gene amplification and in situ staining for peptidoglycan and bacterial 16S rRNA sequences. ![]() α-proteobacteria was the predominant phylum of bacteria identified, and was found in all brain samples tested. ![]() Critically, these researchers found similar distributions of microbial sequences in both the HIV and control brain samples. Using high-throughput sequencing of total RNA from autopsy-derived cerebral white matter, these investigators found non-human sequences aligning to 173 different bacteria and phage. These researchers set out to determine if the brain injury observed in HIV/AIDS was accompanied by microbial infiltration into the brain. A seminal study published by the Power group 11 provided intriguing evidence for the presence of microbes in the human brain.
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